| Protocol | Developer | Launch | Scope | Key Adopters | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACP Agentic Commerce Protocol |
OpenAI + Stripe | Sep 2025 | Autonomous checkout inside AI platforms | Stripe merchants, 1M+ via Shopify | Consumer |
| UCP Universal Commerce Protocol |
Jan 2026 (NRF) | Full commerce journey: discovery → checkout | Amazon, Meta, Microsoft, Salesforce, Stripe, Shopify, Etsy, Target, Wayfair | Consumer | |
| MCP Model Context Protocol |
Anthropic | Open source | Agent-to-tool communication (general) | Broad developer + enterprise adoption | Infrastructure |
| Verifiable Intent Mastercard framework |
Mastercard + Google | Mar 2026 | Cryptographic consumer authorization for agent transactions | FIDO / EMVCo / W3C open standard; FI adoption in progress | Infrastructure |
| Copilot Checkout | Microsoft | Jan 2026 | AI-powered checkout via Microsoft Copilot | PayPal, Shopify, Stripe, Etsy | Consumer |