source_organization,report_name,publication_date,geography,metric_name,metric_value,metric_unit,metric_type,notes,primary_source_url,license
Goldman Sachs Global Economics,How Will AI Affect the Global Workforce,2025 update,Global,Jobs exposed to AI automation at task level,300000000,FTE equivalent,Task-level exposure,Measures jobs containing tasks AI can theoretically automate — not actual displacement. Most widely cited figure in media coverage.,https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/how-will-ai-affect-the-global-workforce,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Goldman Sachs Global Economics,How Will AI Affect the U.S. Labor Market,2025 update,United States,U.S. employment at near-term displacement risk (current AI use cases),2.5,% of employment,Near-term displacement estimate,"If current AI use cases fully deployed — actual displacement estimate, not theoretical exposure.",https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/how-will-ai-affect-the-us-labor-market,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Goldman Sachs Global Economics,How Will AI Affect the U.S. Labor Market,2025 update,United States,U.S. workers displaced during 10-year AI transition (base case),6-7,% of workforce,Long-run displacement projection,Base case over 10-year adoption timeline,https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/how-will-ai-affect-the-us-labor-market,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Goldman Sachs Global Economics,How Will AI Affect the Global Workforce,2025 update,United States,U.S. work hours automatable by AI (task potential),25,% of work hours,Technical automation potential,Technical potential — not economic deployment forecast,https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/how-will-ai-affect-the-global-workforce,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Goldman Sachs Global Economics,How Will AI Affect the Global Workforce,2025 update,United States,Unemployment rise per 1pp technology productivity gain,0.3,percentage points,Short-run labor market effect,Historically temporary — fades within ~2 years,https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/how-will-ai-affect-the-global-workforce,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Goldman Sachs Global Economics,Global Workforce Update,2025,United States,Youth unemployment rise (age 20-30) in tech-exposed occupations since start of 2025,~3,percentage points,Age-cohort employment impact,Corroborates Stanford HAI finding on entry-level contraction,https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/how-will-ai-affect-the-global-workforce,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
World Economic Forum,Future of Jobs Report 2025,January 2025,Global,Jobs displaced globally by 2030,92000000,jobs,Projected displacement,Survey-based projection from 1000+ employers across 22 industries and 55 economies,https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
World Economic Forum,Future of Jobs Report 2025,January 2025,Global,Jobs created globally by 2030,170000000,jobs,Projected job creation,Net positive: 170M created vs 92M displaced = +78M,https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
World Economic Forum,Future of Jobs Report 2025,January 2025,Global,Structural labour market churn by 2030,22,% of 1.2B formal jobs,Churn rate,Total change (creation + displacement combined),https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
World Economic Forum,Future of Jobs Report 2025,January 2025,Global,Employers expecting to reduce workforce where AI automates tasks,40,% of employers,Employer intent survey,Survey of 1000+ global employers,https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
World Economic Forum,Future of Jobs Report 2025,January 2025,Global,Employers expecting AI/info processing to transform business by 2030,86,% of employers,Employer expectation,Survey of 1000+ global employers,https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
World Economic Forum,Future of Jobs Report 2025,January 2025,Global,Existing skill sets to become outdated by 2025-2030,39,% of skills,Skills obsolescence projection,Down from 44% forecast in 2023 edition,https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
International Labour Organization / NASK,ILO-NASK Global Index on GenAI Occupational Exposure,May 2025,Global,Share of global employment exposed to GenAI,25,% of global employment,Occupational exposure,Exposure = occupation contains many GenAI-usable tasks. Not equivalent to displacement.,https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/one-four-jobs-risk-being-transformed-genai-new-ilo%E2%80%93nask-global-index-shows,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
International Labour Organization / NASK,ILO-NASK Global Index on GenAI Occupational Exposure,May 2025,Global - High Income,Share of employment exposed to GenAI in high-income countries,34,% of employment,Occupational exposure by country income tier,Higher than global average due to greater share of cognitive/digital roles,https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/one-four-jobs-risk-being-transformed-genai-new-ilo%E2%80%93nask-global-index-shows,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
International Labour Organization / NASK,ILO-NASK Global Index on GenAI Occupational Exposure,May 2025,Global - High Income,Women in high-income countries in highest-risk automation jobs,9.6,% of female employment,Gender-disaggregated automation risk,2.7x higher than equivalent male figure (3.5%),https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/one-four-jobs-risk-being-transformed-genai-new-ilo%E2%80%93nask-global-index-shows,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
International Labour Organization / NASK,ILO-NASK Global Index on GenAI Occupational Exposure,May 2025,Global - High Income,Men in high-income countries in highest-risk automation jobs,3.5,% of male employment,Gender-disaggregated automation risk,Significantly lower than women due to occupational composition,https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/one-four-jobs-risk-being-transformed-genai-new-ilo%E2%80%93nask-global-index-shows,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
International Labour Organization (Janine Berg),UN/UNRIC interview,2025,Global,Jobs with potential for full automation globally,2.3,% of jobs,Full automation potential,ILO senior economist estimate — floor on true displacement risk,https://unric.org/en/artificial-intelligence-and-the-future-of-work-will-ai-replace-our-jobs/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Stanford Human-Centered AI Institute (HAI),AI Index 2026 Annual Report — Chapter 4: Economy,April 2026,United States,Employment decline for software developers aged 22-25 (YoY),~20,% YoY decline,Age-cohort employment impact,Aggregate developer headcount stable; only entry-level cohort impacted,https://hai.stanford.edu/ai-index/2026-ai-index-report/economy,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Stanford Human-Centered AI Institute (HAI),AI Index 2026 Annual Report — Chapter 4: Economy,April 2026,United States,Share of employers expecting workforce reductions in coming year,1-in-3,proportion,Employer intent (forward-looking),Survey of companies; concentrated in service ops / supply chain / software engineering,https://hai.stanford.edu/ai-index/2026-ai-index-report/economy,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Stanford Human-Centered AI Institute (HAI),AI Index 2026 Annual Report — Chapter 4: Economy,April 2026,United States,AI-related skills requested in U.S. job postings,2.5,% of all job postings,Labor demand signal,+297% increase over decade 2015-2025 (Lightcast data),https://lightcast.io/resources/research/stanford-ai-index-2026,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Stanford Human-Centered AI Institute (HAI),AI Index 2026 Annual Report — Chapter 4: Economy,April 2026,Global,Employees using AI semiregularly or regularly,58,% of global employees,Adoption (workforce),2025 data; varies heavily by country,https://hai.stanford.edu/ai-index/2026-ai-index-report/economy,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
PwC,2025 Global AI Jobs Barometer,June 2025,Global,Employment growth in AI-exposed occupations (2019-2024),38,% growth (2019-2024),Employment growth (AI-exposed),Lower than less-exposed occupations (65%) but still positive,https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/ai/ai-jobs-barometer.html,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
PwC,2025 Global AI Jobs Barometer,June 2025,Global,Employment growth in less AI-exposed occupations (2019-2024),65,% growth (2019-2024),Employment growth (low AI exposure),Physical and trade occupations growing faster than AI-exposed roles,https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/ai/ai-jobs-barometer.html,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
PwC,2025 Global AI Jobs Barometer,June 2025,Global,Employment growth rate ratio: least vs. most AI-exposed occupations,20:1,ratio,Employment growth rate ratio,Least AI-exposed grow employment 20x faster than most AI-exposed,https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/ai/ai-jobs-barometer.html,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
PwC,2025 Global AI Jobs Barometer,June 2025,Global,Productivity growth in most AI-exposed industries (2018-2024),27,% (2018-2024),Productivity growth,Up from 7% (2018-2022) — nearly quadrupled since GenAI proliferation in 2022,https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/ai/ai-jobs-barometer.html,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
PwC,2025 Global AI Jobs Barometer,June 2025,Global,Productivity growth in least AI-exposed industries (2018-2024),9,% (2018-2024),Productivity growth,Declined from 10% (2018-2022),https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/ai/ai-jobs-barometer.html,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
PwC,2025 Global AI Jobs Barometer,June 2025,Global,Wage premium for workers with AI skills vs same role without,56,% wage premium,Wage differential,More than doubled from 25% the prior year,https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/ai/ai-jobs-barometer.html,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
PwC,2025 Global AI Jobs Barometer,June 2025,Global,Rate of skill change acceleration in AI-exposed vs non-exposed jobs,66,% faster,Skills evolution rate,Skills sought changing 66% faster in AI-exposed roles,https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/ai/ai-jobs-barometer.html,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,2024-34 Employment Projections (released Jan. 2026),January 2026,United States,Projected net U.S. job growth (2024-2034),5200000,jobs,10-year net job projection,3.1% total growth (170M to 175.2M),https://www.bls.gov/emp/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,2024-34 Employment Projections (released Jan. 2026),January 2026,United States,Total employment growth rate projected (2024-2034),3.1,% over 10 years,Employment growth rate,Down from 13.0% over prior decade — 76% deceleration,https://www.bls.gov/emp/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,2024-34 Employment Projections (released Jan. 2026),January 2026,United States,Healthcare sector job growth projection (2024-2034),8.4,% growth,Sector-level projection (fastest growing),AI-resistant sector; driven by aging population,https://www.bls.gov/emp/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,2024-34 Employment Projections (released Jan. 2026),January 2026,United States,AI-specific occupation group growth rate projection (data science / ML),10.1+,% growth — 3x+ economy average,Occupation group growth rate,More than 3x the economy average of 3.1%,https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2026/article/industry-and-occupational-employment-projections-overview.htm,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
U.S. House of Representatives (Rep. Foushee),AI Jobs Report December 2025,December 2025,United States,U.S. jobs attributed to AI by employers in 2025,54694,jobs,Confirmed employer-attributed AI layoffs,Tech sector concentrated; employer-stated attributions only — floor estimate,https://foushee.house.gov/imo/media/doc/foushee_ai_jobs_report_2025.pdf,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
McKinsey Global Institute,Superagency in the Workplace,January 2025,United States,U.S. work hours with full automation potential (AI + robotics),57,% of work hours,Technical automation potential (maximum scenario),"Technical potential only — reflects what AI/robotics could do, not what they will do",https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/tech-and-ai/our-insights/superagency-in-the-workplace-empowering-people-to-unlock-ais-full-potential-at-work,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
McKinsey Global Institute,Superagency in the Workplace,January 2025,United States,Most automatable activities as share of total U.S. wages,40,% of U.S. wages,Economic automation potential,Spans education / healthcare / business / legal — broad across sectors,https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/tech-and-ai/our-insights/superagency-in-the-workplace-empowering-people-to-unlock-ais-full-potential-at-work,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
McKinsey Global Institute,AI Midpoint Adoption Scenario,November 2025,United States,U.S. economic value from AI-powered agents and robots per year by 2030 (midpoint scenario),2900000000000,USD/year,Economic value projection (midpoint),Conditional on workflow redesign — not guaranteed from technology alone,https://roboticsandautomationnews.com/2025/11/26/mckinsey-warns-ai-and-robots-could-automate-40-percent-of-us-jobs-by-2030/97003/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
NBER (Hampole / Papanikolaou / Schmidt / Seegmiller),Working Paper 33509: AI and the Labor Market,2025,United States,Lower demand for AI-affected skills in firm-level hiring (empirical finding),Confirmed decrease,qualitative,Task-level labor demand shift,Workers shift effort to non-AI-displaced tasks; aggregate employment consequence modest,https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w33509/revisions/w33509.rev0.pdf,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
NBER (WP33777 authors),Working Paper 33777: Early Labor Market Transformation under Generative AI,2025,United States,Aggregate labor market effect of AI as of 2025 study cutoff,Near zero / no statistically significant aggregate effect,qualitative,Academic finding (aggregate),Individual task displacement documented; aggregate not yet measurable in standard statistics,https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w33777/w33777.pdf,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Hartley et al. (2026) via Int'l Center for Law & Economics,AI Productivity and Labor Markets Review,2026,United States,U.S. workers using generative AI by December 2025,35.9,% of workforce,AI adoption (workforce),Small positive wage effects found; no significant employment decline in exposed occupations,https://laweconcenter.org/resources/ai-productivity-and-labor-markets-a-review-of-the-empirical-evidence/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
ILO / World Bank,New ILO-World Bank Paper: Uneven Global Impact of GenAI on Jobs,March 2026,Global (developing economies focus),Workers in automation-vulnerable roles in low-income countries already online,High proportion,qualitative,Digital connectivity of at-risk workers in developing economies,"Workers in jobs vulnerable to automation are often already online even in low-income settings — displacement could happen relatively quickly",https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/new-ilo%E2%80%93world-bank-paper-highlights-uneven-global-impact-generative-ai-jobs,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,AI Labor Displacement Confidence Index (ALDCI) — Original Calculation,2026-06-08,Multi-source (U.S. and Global),ALDCI Score: Confirmed AI-attributed U.S. layoffs (2025),78,score (0-100),Original Axis Intelligence metric (ALDCI),"High confidence tier. Sources: U.S. House AI Jobs Report Dec. 2025. ALDCI methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,AI Labor Displacement Confidence Index (ALDCI) — Original Calculation,2026-06-08,Multi-source (U.S. and Global),ALDCI Score: Entry-level hiring contraction — software developers aged 22-25,74,score (0-100),Original Axis Intelligence metric (ALDCI),"High confidence tier. Sources: Stanford HAI AI Index 2026. ALDCI methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,AI Labor Displacement Confidence Index (ALDCI) — Original Calculation,2026-06-08,Multi-source (U.S. and Global),ALDCI Score: Task-level exposure / near-term displacement (Goldman Sachs 2.5%),61,score (0-100),Original Axis Intelligence metric (ALDCI),"Medium-High confidence tier. Sources: Goldman Sachs Global Economics 2025. ALDCI methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,AI Labor Displacement Confidence Index (ALDCI) — Original Calculation,2026-06-08,Multi-source (U.S. and Global),ALDCI Score: Sector transformation within 5 years (WEF 92M displaced / 170M created),44,score (0-100),Original Axis Intelligence metric (ALDCI),"Medium confidence tier. Sources: WEF Future of Jobs 2025. ALDCI methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,AI Labor Displacement Confidence Index (ALDCI) — Original Calculation,2026-06-08,Multi-source (U.S. and Global),ALDCI Score: Long-run full automation potential (McKinsey 40-57% of work hours),29,score (0-100),Original Axis Intelligence metric (ALDCI),"Low-Medium confidence tier. Technical potential vs. economic deployment gap. ALDCI methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,AI Labor Displacement Confidence Index (ALDCI) — Original Calculation,2026-06-08,Multi-source (U.S. and Global),ALDCI Score: Headline '300 million jobs at risk' (Goldman Sachs task-exposure scope),19,score (0-100),Original Axis Intelligence metric (ALDCI),"Low confidence tier for use as near-term displacement figure. Measures task exposure not displacement. ALDCI methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,AI Labor Displacement Confidence Index (ALDCI) — Original Calculation,2026-06-08,Multi-source (U.S. and Global),ALDCI Score: Mass unemployment scenario — 10-20% unemployment from AI (Amodei 2025),11,score (0-100),Original Axis Intelligence metric (ALDCI),"Very Low confidence tier for near-term. Conditional on rapid AGI transition. ALDCI methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)
Axis Intelligence Research,Exposure-to-Displacement Ratio (EDR) — Original Cross-Source Calculation,2026-06-08,United States / Global,Exposure-to-Displacement Ratio (EDR) — cross-source average,10.5,ratio (exposure:displacement),Original Axis Intelligence metric (EDR),"Goldman Sachs: 25% task exposure / 2.5% near-term displacement = 10:1. ILO: 25% exposure / 2.3% full automation risk = 10.9:1. Average = 10.5:1. Methodology: https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/#methodology",https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/,CC BY 4.0 — Axis Intelligence Research (https://axis-intelligence.com/ai-job-loss-statistics/)